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Scholars have
been investigating a group of medieval churches at Banganarti in modern Sudan, on the Nile between the third and fourth cataracts. The sanctuary was a center of healing and pilgrimage dedicated to Raphael, the angel who became in medieval Christianity the patron saint of the blind. Above is a reconstruction of how the Upper Church looked in AD 1100.
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Fresco of Saint Damian.
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Portrait of a Nubian ruler named King David.
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One of the many inscriptions found at the site is in Catalan, written by a man 2000 miles from home. It says, "when Benesec came to pay homage to Raphael."
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The man in this sketch is identified as Deif Ali, Arabic for "Ali the Guest." He was probably a Muslim. Since he is depicted as blind, he probably came to pray to Raphael for help with his infirmity.
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In the lower church, built around AD 600, are amazing frescoes done in a style more western than Byzantine, suggesting further connections to Europe. These are damned souls in hell.
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